Uticaj organski i neorganski vezanog gvožđa na hematološke parametre, imunski odgovor i količinu gvožđa u organima brojlera

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of organic and inorganic Fe supplementation on red blood picture, immune response and quantity of iron in organs of broiler chickens. The trial was conducted on 200 'Arbor Acres' chickens randomly alloted in four equal groups. Birds from all groups were fed standard broiler feed, supplemented with 40 mg/kg of Fe originating from different sources: Group I (FeSO4), Group II (Fe bounded to yeast), Group III (ferrous ascorbate) and Group IV (iron chelate). From each group, 10 birds were sacrificed on 21st, 35th and 42nd day and the following parameters were measured: erythrocyte count, hematocrite value, hemoglobin concentration, concentration of nonheme iron in spleen, liver and bone marrow (femur), degree of cutaneous hypersensitivity to PHA and titers of antibodies to Gumboro virus following vaccination. Addition of organic iron supplements resulted in increased erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrite value on the 21st day. Different iron forms did not change the concentration of nonheme iron in the liver on the 21st and 42nd day. On the 35th day, the group supplemented with ferrous ascorbate had lower liver iron concentration. Also, concentrations of nonheme iron in the spleen were lower in groups supplemented with organic iron forms. The concentration of iron in the bone marrow decreased with age and the lowest values were recorded in the ferrous ascorbate supplemented group. The degree of cutaneous hypersensitivity to PHA was higher in groups supplemented with organic iron forms on the 21st and 35th day. Titers of anti-Gumboro antibodies were higher in the group supplemented with iron helate on the 35th day, but later (day 42) no significant differences were observed among groups.Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj organski i neorganski vezanog gvožđa na crvenu krvnu sliku, imunski odgovor i količinu gvožđa u pojedinim organima. Ogled je izveden na ukupno 200 brojlera podeljenih u četiri jednake grupe. U smeše za ishranu brojlera dodavano je gvožđe u količini od 40 mg/kg koje je poticalo iz različitih izvora: fero sulfat (ogledna grupa I), gvožđe vezano za kvasac (ogledna grupa II), fero askorbat (ogledna grupa III) i helatno gvožđe (ogledna grupa IV). Kod piladi u dobi od 21, 35 i 42 dana praćeni su sledeći parametri: broj eritrocita, koncentracija hemoglobina, količina nehemskog gvožđa u jetri, slezini i kostnoj srži, vrednosti testa kožne preosetljivosti na fitohemaglutinin (PHA) i titar specifičnih antitela u krvnoj plazmi posle vakcinacije protiv Gumboro bolesti. Kod piladi u dobi od 21 dan svi ispitivani preparati gvožđa u kojima je ono bilo organski vezano, doveli su do povećanja broja eritrocita i koncentracije hemoglobina. Različiti oblici gvožđa u ishrani živine nisu uticali na količinu depononovanog nehemskog gvožđa u jetri piladi u dobi od 21 i 42 dan. Pilad u dobi od 35 dana, koja su u hrani dobijala fero askorbat, imala su značajno manje gvožđa deponovanog u jetri. Količina nehemskog gvožđa u slezini bila je manja kod piladi koja su hranom dobijala organski vezano gvožđe. Količina nehemskog gvožđa u kostnoj srži butne kosti piladi smanjivala se sa starošću jedinki a najmanja količina nehemskog gvožđa u kostnoj srži je zabeležena u grupi koja je hranom dobijala fero askorbat. Stepen kožne reaktivnosti na PHA bio je veći kod jedinki u dobi od 21 i 35 dana suplementiranih organski vezanim gvožđem. Upotreba helatno vezanog gvožđa u ishrani brojlera dovela je do statistički značajno veće produkcije antitela protiv Gumboro virusa nakon vakcinacije, kod piladi u dobi od 35 dana. Titar antitela kod jedinki u dobi od 42 dana u svim oglednim grupama bio je ujednačen

Energy Minimization of System Pipelines Using Multiple Voltages

Modem computer and communication system design has to consider the timing constraints imposed by communication and system pipelines, and minimize the energy consumption. We adopt the recent proposed model for communication pipeline latency[23] and address the problem of how to minimize the power consumption in system-level pipelines under the latency constraints by selecting supply voltage for each pipeline stage using the variable voltage core-based system design methodology[l 11. We define the problem, solve it optimally under realistic assumptions and develop algorithms for power minimization of system pipeline designs based on our theoretical results. We apply this new approach on the 4- stage Myrinet GAM pipeline, with the appropriate voltage profiles, we achieve 93.4%, 91.3% and 26.9% power reduction on three pipeline stages over the traditional design

Prikaz slučaja insuficijencije desnog srca kod krave prouzrokovanog traumatskim perikarditisom

In this paper there is presented right heart failure in 10 years' old cow. During last year it had changeable apetite, profuse diarrhea as well as fluctuations in milk production. In the mentoned period it did not conceive. By examination of peripheral blood vessels, there were determined some changes in pulse quality (p.rarus et parvus) and charge of neck veins (venous stasis). Under the skin in sternum region there was noticeable swelling of pastose condensation. Visible mucosas were pail. Heart sounds were barely audible, and at puncta optima aorte and a.pulmonalis could not be heard at all. On the right side of the chest, first and second heart tones audability was better, compared to those of the opposite side. By examining of the reticulum by testing on foreign body presence, the animal did not react painfully. On the basis of these data, there was diagnosed: Insufficientio cordis et pericarditis traumatica in obs. By laboratory analysis of blood samples, trere was determined hypochromic and microcytic anemia, mild leukocytosis with neutrophilia, as well as hyperproteinemia characterized by hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. These findings pointed out to iron deficiency, inflammatory process and reduced syntetic ability of liver. For economic reasons, the animal was sent to the slaughter. By pathomorphological examination there were determined connective tissue adhesions among reticulum, diaphragm, pericardium and the base of the heart. The foreign body was located in the base of the heart where a large abscess was formed. Pericardium was thickened, and on its inner side there were grained sediments of fibrin and purulent content. Right ventricle of the heart was expanded and the wall was thinned. By histopathological examination of the heart, there was found out thickened pericardium with fibrin sediments, and the wall of the abscess located on the base of the heart was formed of connective tissue largely infiltrated by neutrophyl granulocytes. On the basis of the findings, there was diagnosed Pericarditis purulenta chronica.U radu prikazan je slučaj insuficijencije desnog srca kod krave starosti 10 godina. U poslednjoj godini imala je promenljiv apetit, profuznu dijareju i oscilacije u proizvodnji mleka. U tom periodu nije koncipirala. Pregledom perifernih krvnih sudova ustanovljene su promene u kvalitetu pulsa (p. rarus et parvus) i punjenosti vratnih vena (venska staza). Ispod kože u predelu grudne kosti je bio izražen otok testaste konzistencije. Vidljive sluznice su bile blede. Srčani tonovi su bili slabo čujni, a na puncta optima aorte i a. pulmonalis nisu mogli uopšte da se čuju. Sa desne strane grudnog koša čujnost prvog i drugog srčanog tona je bila bolja u odnosu na nalaz sa suprotne strane. Pregledom retikuluma probama na strano telo životinja nije bolno reagovala. Na osnovu ovih podataka postavljena je klinička dijagnoza: Insufficientio cordis et pericarditis traumatica in obs. Laboratorijskom analizom uzorka krvi ustanovljena je hipohromna i mikrocitna anemija, blaga leukocitoza sa neutrofilijom i hiperproteinemija koju karakteriše hipoalbuminemija i hiperglobulinemija. Ovi nalazi ukazivali su na nedostatak gvožđa na proces zapaljenske prirode i smanjenu sintetsku sposobnost jetre. Iz ekonomskih razloga životinja je upućena na prinudno klanje. Patomorfološkim pregledom ustanovljene su vezivno-tkivne priraslice između retikuluma, dijafragme, perikarda i baze srca. Strano telo je bilo locirano u bazi srca gde se formirao veći apces. Perikard je bio zadebljan, a na njegovoj unutrašnjoj strani nalazile su se zrnaste naslage fibrina i gnojni sadržaj. Desna komora srca bila je proširena, a njen zid stanjen. Histopatološkim pregledom srca nađen je zadebljao perikard sa naslagama fibrina, zid apcesa, koji je bio lokalizovan na bazi srca, bio je građen od vezivnog tkiva obimno infiltrovanog neutrofilnim granulocitima. Na osnovu nalaza postavljena je definitivna dijagnoza: Pericarditis purulenta chronica

Toward An Automated Verification of Certificates of Authenticity

A certificate of authenticity (COA) is an inexpensive physical object that has a random unique structure with a high costof exact reproduction.An additional requirement is that the uniqueness of COA's random structure can be verified using an inexpensive device.Donald Bauder was the first to propose COAs created as a randomized augmentationof a setof fixed-length fibers into a transparent gluing material that fixes oncefc all the positionof the fibers within.The statistics of the positioning of fibers is used as a source of randomness that is di#cult to replicate. As oppose to recording authentic fiber-based COA structures in a database, we use public-key cryptography to authenticate COAs.During certification, the unique property of the physical object is extracted, combined with an arbitrary text, signed with the private key of the issuer, and the signature is encoded and printed as a barcode on the COA. Since the capacityof the barcode is limited, the goalof any COA system is to contain in the signed message as much infRL].EMF about the random structureof the physical object as possible.In this paper, we show that the costof ff.RL a particular COA instance is exponentially proportional to the improvement in compressing COA's random fdom.R$RL:.ER wefFMG$F. define the compression objective, show that finding its optimal solution is an NP-hard problem, and propose a heuristic that improves significantly upon best standard compression methods

Combinatorics of The Vaccine Design Problem: Definition and An Algorithm

Abstract. Recently Nickle et al. introduced a new model of genetic diversity that summarizes a large input dataset into a short sequence containing overlapping subsequences from the dataset. This model has direct applications to rational vaccine design. In this paper we formally investigate the combinatorics of the vaccine optimization problem. Here the vaccine is constructed as a sequence S of amino-acids such that as many of the most frequently occurring epitopes found in mutated viruses are subsequences to S. We rigorously present the related design optimization problem, establish its complexity, and present a simple probabilistic algorithm to find an efficient solution. Our vaccine designs show improvement of over 20 % in the coverage score over the previously best designs and produce over 15 % shorter vaccines that achieve equivalent epitope coverage.

CRYPTOGRAPHICALLY SECURE IDENTITY CERTIFICATES

We present FACECERTS, a simple, inexpensive, and cryptographically secure identity certification system. A FACECERT is a printout of person’s portrait photo, an arbitrary textual message, and a 2D color bar-code which encodes an RSA signature of the message hash and the compressed representation of the face encompassed by the photo. The signature is created using the private key of the party issuing the ID. Verification is performed by a simple, intelligent, and off-line scanning device that contains the public key of the issuer. The system does not require smart cards. More interestingly, the ID does not need to be printed by a high-end printer, it can be printed anywhere. We present a novel algorithm for compressing faces and investigate the reliability of the crucial components of the system. 1